Parasomnias – sleep related disorders
They are sleep related disorders that occur during sleep. The disorder is characterized through REM ( rapid eye movement ) sleep and NREM ( Non – Rapid Eye Movement). Parosomnias disorder includes sleepwalking , nightmares, and night terrors. NREM sleep is dived into stages. Stage one occurs in the beginning of the sleep with slight eye movement. Stage two there are no eye movement and it is very rare for one to experience dreams; the person sleeper is easily awakened. Stage 3 this is characterized by deep sleep dreams mostly occurs at this stage. REM sleep disorder is characterized when the muscle strength this causes the person experiencing this to act out on their dreams.
Nightmares
These are events that mostly cause emotion like fear, anxiety and possibly terror. The persons who constantly have nightmares experience awakened fromRapid Eye Movement sleep. The nightmares give a full detail of the content of the dream and the person usually experience trouble returning to sleep again. The nightmares are caused by many factors like illness, negative attitude and anxiety. Treatment can be done a visit to the doctor if one experiences the nightmares for a long time.
Sleepwalking
This disorder is characterized when a person starts to move around when they are still sleeping and they appear as if they are awake .The person do not remember any of the action they might have done when sleep walking . The disorder often occurs in stages 3 and 4 of Non-Rapid Eye Movement during the early stages of sleep and can also occur in the early morning. The disorder mostly affects young children but the elderly have also been reported to have the disorder. When one tries to wake the person the person will appear confused at first but it will go away after some minutes.
Night terrors
Persons experiencing this kind of disorder are characterized by the abrupt awakening from a deep sleep in a terrified state making it difficult for them to communicate. This will last for a few minutes and they do not even remember the events that took place the night before. The persons experiencing this condition pose a danger to themselves and the people surrounding them. It mostly affects children of ages 3 to about 7 years of age.
These are just the major disorders that are reported but there are other disorders that could be related to it.
Treatment of the disorders is aimed at lessening the intensity of events and could be done by first detecting the reasons for the disorder and then visit the doctor for full diagnosis of the disorder. Medicines like non-prescription drugs could be used to alleviate the symptoms and enable a person to sleep well .Behavioral therapy can be used to help the persons. Clonazepamis the drug that is taken to treatRapid Eye Movement and it is prescribed to be taken half an hour before one going to sleep. If one stops using the drug relapse may occur.
This sleep disorder could be managed correctly if one notices the frequency in which they wake up during the night increasing and seek the necessary medical care.
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